Improvement in pumps for- compressing ammoniacal and other gases



L E. G. WHEELER.. Pump for Gompressing Ammoniaoal and other Gases.

Paienfed oct.2s,1879.

No.22LoOs.

N, PETERS, PHOTDMTHQGRAPIIER. WASHINGTON. D C4 UNITED STAT-ns PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR G. WHEELER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT INv PUMPS POR COMPRESSING MMONIACAL AND OTHERA GSES.

Speeilicaton forming part of Letters PatentNO. 221.008, dated October 28, 1879; application lled October l1, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR GAYLORD VHEELER, ot the city and State ot' New York, have invented an Improvement in Pumps for Oompressing Aininoniacal and other Gases or Exhausting or Gompressing Air, of which the following is a specification.

I make use ot' two .plungers connected together and operated by connecting-rods and a cross-head to the crankshaft ot' an engine.

There is an elastic material, such as indiarubber, that prevents injury to the parts in case the plunger comes against the head ot' the cylinder, the object being to insure the nearest possible contact of the plunger' with the cylinder-head, so as to compress the aminoniacal gases.

I also make use of a compound yielding valve in the cylinder-head, to admit the gas or air that is exhausted, and to allow ot' the escape of the compressed gases.

In the drawings, Figure l is a horizontal section of the pump complete. Fig.2 is a crosssection of the valve-stein and its cylinder, and Fig. 3 is a detail.` j

The cylinders a and bare axially inline, and contain the rams or vplungers c d, which are connected together by bolts. A mortise passes' l through these rams where they are united, and in said mortise there is a cross-head, e, with connecting-rodsff(see Fig. 3.) at each end, passing to cranks upon a shaft that is revolved by suitable power, such as a steam-engine.

Between the cross-head c and the rams there are blocks ot' yielding material, such as indiarubber, at t' e', the same being compressed by the bolts that hold the rams together. This india-rubber will yield in case the end of the ram comes into contact with the interior of the cylinder-head a', thereby avoiding injury to the parts.

The induction-valve k to this cylinder a is preferably placed in the middle of the cylinder-head a', and it is closed by a spring.l

The exit-valves l lare also in the head a', and open outwardly, and are closed by the springs 2 2, said valves being conical and closing upon their seats, with the smaller ends of the valves flush, or nearly so, with the inner surface ot' the head.

The inlet ports or pipes m and exit ports or pipes a are of usual character; and I find it preferable in some instances to make the end ot' the rain c as a cap, e', with a rim, c2, bolted to the ram c, and provided with blocks of indiarubber 4 or similar elastic material, to ailow the end of the ram to yield in case of contact with the head a.

The nuts 5 on the connecting-rods allow for adjusting the position of the ram to the cylinder 5 but as variations in temperature may de range the adjustment, and it is necessary that the ram come up and just touch the head,-I have introducedthe yielding material at i and 4 to avoid accident. Y

The cylinder bv and rain d are constructed similarly to the cylinder a and ram c, so far as the packing of the ram in the cylinder, hereinafter described; but the cylinder b and ram d are shown a's of smaller diameter than the cylinder a. The end of the cylinder b forms a seat for a valve, o, upon a tubular stem, o', sliding in ythe cylinder p, and forced toward the seat by the spring S. This valve forms the eduction, and it yields and opens to the pressure of the gases, and also to the pressure of the end of the ram in cases` where said rain comes into `contact Awith the valve as it ap proaches the end of the stroke. On the rel, turn movement of the rain the valve moves with the same until its edge4 rest-s upon its seat, and then the induction-valve g is opened by the gases as they rush into the vacuum formed `by the retiring plunger. When the plunger commences to move toward the valve q its spring 10 closes the same, and the gases are expelled lpast the valve o, as before.

The passage-way 12, connecting fromthe eduction-chamber containing the valve 0 to the space behind the tubular valve-stema', pro= duces an equalization of the pressure, and allows the valves to move without hinderance by y any unbalanced pressure.

` At l5, around the inside of the cylinder b, and at 16 and 17 in the surface of the cylinder p, around the tubular valve-stem, there are packing-grooves to render the parts airtight. These grooves may be lled with suitable material, such as steel or leather rings or other packing material. I, however, prefer and use thick heavy oil, tallow, glycerine, or

glycerine and tnely-pulverized plumbago or similar material, the same heilig supplied into these grooves from a reservoir or vessel, lv, uuder pressure from a ram or plunger, c', the vessel@ being connected to the annular grooves in the cylinders by pipes and cross-channels from one groove to the other. rI lie pressure is sufficient to keep a constant supply of the lubricatin g material in the grooves and eectually prevent leakage, and there will be but little waste of suoli semi-liquid material when the parts are properly constructed. rBhe packing-grooves 19 in the cylinder c are similarly constructed, and are supplied with lubricating material under pressure. rllie cylinders a b should be surrounded with a water-jacket, as usual, for cooling the same.

I am aware thatgrooves have been used iu the surfaces of pistons, and at the gland of the cylinder -liead where the piston rod slides through such head, and also that lubricating material has been supplied into the grooves in a valve or the seat thereof.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, with the two plun gers c and d in the cylinders a and b, of the cross head c, connecting-rodsf, and elastic material intervening between the cross-licad and the rams, for the purposes set forth.

2. In a pluiiger-punip, the false head c and rim c2, bolted to the cud of the ram o, in coinbination witli the india-rubber springs or cushions 4 between the rain and the head, for the purposes set forth.

3. 'Ilie combination, with the'cylindcrb and ram d, of the valve o, closing against the end of the cylinder b, and the valve q within the valve o, and having its seat in said valve, substantially as set forth.

4. rlhe exit-valve closing against the end of the cylinder, and provided with a tubular stem having an inlet opening or port, iu combination with the induction-valve, a cylinder in which the tubular valve-stem slides, and a packing at each side of the inlet-port of the tubular stein, substantially as set forth.

5. In a plunger-pump, the annular grooves around the interior ot' the cylinder at the place where the packing for the plunger is required, in combination with a means for supplying into such annular grooves the lubricating inaterial under pressure, substantially as set forth.

(i. The combination, with the pump, of an exit-valve closing against the end of the cylinder, a tubular stem to the saine of much smaller diameter than the valve, a cylinder provided with packin gs through which the tubular stem slides, a port connecting the exit-chamber with the rear of the cylinder containing the tubular valve-stem, a port in such tubular valve-stein, and an iulet-valve within the exit-valve, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this Sth day of October, A. D. 1878.

E. 1. WHEELER.

Witnesses:

HAROLD SE RRELL, Guo. T. liNckNEY. 

